CHAPTER 343

An Act to amend and reenact § 18.1-421 of the Code of Virginia, relating
to advocacy of change in government by unlawful means.
[S 184]

Approved March 30, 1962

Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Virginia:
hae That § 18.1-421 of the Code of Virginia be amended and reenacted as

ollows:

§ 18.1-421. It shall be unlawful for any person, group, or organization
to advocate any change, by force, * violence, or other unlawful means in
the government of the Commonwealth of Virginia or any of its sub-
divisions or in the government of the United States of America.

It shall be unlawful for any person to join, assist or otherwise con-
tribute to any group or organization which, to the knowledge of such
person, advocates or has as its purpose, aim or objective, any change, by
force, * violence, or other unlawful means in the government of the
Commonwealth of Virginia or any of its subdivisions or in the govern-
ment of the United States of America.

Violation of this section is hereby declared to be a felony, punishable,
upon conviction, by a fine of not less than one thousand nor more than
five thousand dollars or by confinement in the penitentiary for not less
than two years nor more than five years, or by both such fine and im-
prisonment.

Nothing herein shall be construed to limit or prohibit the advocacy,
orally or otherwise, of any change, by peaceful means, in the government
of the Commonwealth or any of its subdivisions or in the government of
the United States.